Optical diffusion tomography by iterative- coordinate-descent optimization in a Bayesian framework

Frequency-domain diffusion imaging uses the magnitude and phase of modulated light propagating through a highly scattering medium to reconstruct an image of the spatially dependent scattering or absorption coefficients in the medium. An inversion algorithm is formulated in a Bayesian framework and an efficient optimization technique is presented for calculating the maximum a posteriori image. In this framework the data are modeled as a complex Gaussian random vector with shot-noise statistics, and the unknown image is modeled as a generalized Gaussian Markov random field. The shot-noise statistics provide correct weighting for the measurement, and the generalized Gaussian Markov random field prior enhances the reconstruction quality and retains edges in the reconstruction. A localized relaxation algorithm, the iterativecoordinate-descent algorithm, is employed as a computationally efficient optimization technique. Numerical results for two-dimensional images show that the Bayesian framework with the new optimization scheme outperforms conventional approaches in both speed and reconstruction quality. © 1999 Optical Society of America [S0740-3232(99)01410-6] OCIS codes: 100.3010, 100.3190, 100.6950, 170.3010, 290.3200.